UNDERSTANDING ORGANIC CHEMISTRY- BY CHUKS DESTINY: EASY WAY TO NAMING OF ORGANIC COMPUND-- BY CHUKS D...

UNDERSTANDING ORGANIC CHEMISTRY- BY CHUKS DESTINY: EASY WAY TO NAMING OF ORGANIC COMPUND-- BY CHUKS D...: NOMENCLATURE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Dear Folks, Some Students tend to fail a Chemistry course such as Chemistry 111- which mainly conta...

EASY WAY TO NAMING OF ORGANIC COMPUND-- BY CHUKS DESTINY

NOMENCLATURE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Dear Folks,

Some Students tend to fail a Chemistry course such as Chemistry 111- which mainly contain Questions on Organic chemistry. failing this subject presicely this course does not mean that:

• They don't put interest in that particular Course,
• They're not good in chemistry.

But this resulted from most Students, being afraid of Only ONE aspect of Organic Chemistry; which is the NOMENCLATURE aspect or can also be referred as the NAMING OF ORGANIC COMPOUND.

I remember asking a friend "Are you Good in Organic Chemistry," He said "Noooooo" and continued " I don't like that Topic, I ask " Why?", and said I don't like does NAMES they Mention"

So I as a friend, a Chemistry student whom once, was in your situation have decided to post this BLOG on NOMENCLATURE OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY for Thoes of YOU who find YOURSELF in this CATEGORY of PERSONS.

      In this post I assure YOU that if YOU can takE your TIME to READ and not only reading it but STUDY it, at the latter end will never have Problemsin Organic Chemistry especially in Naming them (Organic Compounds).

So as YOU take YOUR writing materials............... WE START!!!

 WE shall take all of them according to their HOMOLOGE, i.e According to their Homologous Series, and also we'ii only deal with the ALKANES, ALKENES, and the ALKYNES...

Let's begin with the:

ALKANES

   Alkanes are Aliphatic Hydrocarbons, i.e Hydrocarbons(Organic Compounds) which all it's CARBON atoms are joined or Bondsed Singly. e.g PENTANE(CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3) e.t.c and other alkanes. They(ALKANES) are Saturated Hydroarbon, which have the General molecular formula, CnH2n+2.

Example of some Alanes are:

Methane.................CH4

Ethane....................C2H6

Propane..................C3H8..E.T.C

N:B: The first member of the Alkane Family is known as METHANE, having a Molecular formular of CH4.

ALKENES

   Alkenes are Umsaturated Aliphatic Hydrocabons, i.e. Their carbon atoms are not Bonded Singly.

The Alkenes have a CARBON-CARBON Double Bond i.e. C=C Bond between the Carbon atoms, and They have the General molecular formula of CnH2n.

N:B: When Alkenes are named, They are Suffixed with -ene.

ALKYNES

   Alkynes on the other hand are also UNSATURATED Hydrocarbons, with a CARBON-CARBON Triple Bond i.e. C=C Bond, and They have the General molecular formula of CnH2n-n.

N;B; When Alkynes are also named, They are Suffixed with -yne.

Now, We shall now go into our main aim of WRITING and READING this Post(Blog).

NAMING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; ALKANES, ALKENES, and  ALKYNES

The Naming of ORGANIC COMPOUNDS were Once problems to the early Chemists, Until the IUPAC System of Naming ORGANIC COMPOUNDS came into play and that brought an end to all their problems. So YOU see that YOU are(were) not the first to see NAMING as a Barrier, and also cuz They later solved it with the IUPAC System of naming, YOU also can still jump that BARRIER in JESUS Name... AMEN!!!...

SO we(YOU) shall learn how to Name this COMPOUNDS with the IUPAC System..

LET'S ROCK !!!

CAUTION:Follow this STEPS CAREFULLY!!!

NAMING BOTH STRAIGHT AND BRANCHED ALKANES

1. Identify the longest carbon chain. This chain is called the parent chain, Then Name it based on the number of Carbon atoms it contains.
2. Identify all of the substituents (groups appending from the parent chain).  
3. Number the carbons of the parent chain from the end that gives the substituents the lowest numbers, and This also can be done in the format that: You number the Carbon atoms in the Parent starting from the Carbon Nearest to the Substituent.
   
   
4. If the same substituent occurs more than once, the location of point on which the substituent occurs is given. In addition, the number of times the substituent group occurs is indicated by a prefix (di, tri, tetra, etc.).  
   

    5.  If there are different substituents group in the Chain, They should be Named                        alphabeticaally ignoring the preffix.



    Here are some examples of already Named Compounds, for YOU. Use Them to STUDY the rules given Above.....

In summary, the name of the compound is written out with the substituents in alphabetical order followed by the base name (derived from the number of carbons in the parent chain). Commas are used between numbers and dashes are used between letters and numbers. There are no spaces in the name.
Here are some examples:

NAMING OF ALKENES AND ALKYNES


 

1. The parent chain is numbered so that the multiple bonds have the lowest numbers (double and triple bonds have priority over alkyl and halo substituents).
   
2. When both double and triple bonds are present, numbers as low as possible are given to double and triple bonds even though this may at times give "-yne" a lower number than "-ene". When there is a choice in numbering, the double bonds are given the lowest numbers.
   
3. When both double and triple bonds are present, the -en suffix follows the parent chain directly and the -yne suffix follows the -en suffix (notice that the e is left off, -en instead of -ene). The location of the double bond(s) is(are) indicated before the parent name as before, and the location of the triple bond(s) is(are) indicated between the -en and -yne suffixes. See below for examples.
   
4. For a branched unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon, the parent chain is the longest carbon chain that contains the maximum number of double and triple bonds. If there are two or more chains competing for selection as the parent chain (chain with the most multiple bonds), the choice goes to (1) the chain with the greatest number of carbon atoms, (2) the # of carbon atoms being equal, the chain containing the maximum number of double bonds. 
   
   
   Here are some examples:
   
   
   
    Guys thats all YOU need to do, And I promise YOU with Guarantee that, When YOU do it properly, The Sky will be YOUR starting point......
   
    
   
   
   Thanks Be To GOD Almighty